A Multipurpose machine which is used to replacing and laying railway track and turnout elements. The machine runs on four hydraulically driven caterpillar tracks, which are located on arms that can be telescoped horizontally and vertically. The machine is capable of redirect route of 90 degrees and moving in lengthwise and crosswise direction of railway track.
The machine can lift and move loads of up to 40 meters in length and 5 meters in width and weighing up to 36 tonnes.Also it is fully Automated system with remote control. A Video relating to the work is shown below.
The machine can lift and move loads of up to 40 meters in length and 5 meters in width and weighing up to 36 tonnes.Also it is fully Automated system with remote control. A Video relating to the work is shown below.
Equilibrium Speed: It is the Speed at which centrifugal force developed during movement of the vehicle on a curved track is exactly balanced by the cant Provided.
Cant Excess:It happens when a train travels on curve at a speed lower than equilibrium speed
Sleepers is used to support the rail firmly and evenly,also maintain the gauge of the track uniformly. The load will be distributed uniformly over the bottom layers. It also act as an elastic medium between the rails and the ballast and to absorb the vibrations of train.
Classification of Sleepers
- Depending upon the Position in a track
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| 1.Transverse Sleepers |
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| 2.Longitudinal Sleepers |
- Depending on the type of material
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| Steel Sleepers |
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| Wooden Sleepers |
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| Concrete sleepers |
Fish Plate
Used to join two rails , helps in easy replacement of rails and helps in thermal expansion at joints.
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Used to join two rails , helps in easy replacement of rails and helps in thermal expansion at joints.
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| Fish Plate |
Spikes
Used to hold the rails with the wooden sleepers,they can be used with or without bearing plates below the rails. Spikes hold the rail in position and it should have enough resistance to motion in retaining its position.
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| Dog Spikes |
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| Screw Spikes |
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| Round Spikes |
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| Elastic Spikes |
Chairs
For double headed and bull headed rails the chairs are required to hold them in position.
The first railway line in India was opened for traffic on 16th April 1853 between Mumbai and Thana, a distance of 33 Km. The total length of route at present is about 63,000 Km. Indian railway is the largest network in Asia and Second largest in the world(First is US). It has a man power strength of 1.7 million,every day it carries about 12 million peoples in about 7500 trains and more than one million tonnes of freight in about 6000 trains.
Earlier wooden rails were used to reduce the effect of friction,
thin plates were provided on the top of the rails. In 1805, John Brikenshaw
made the first rail of malleable iron.
Double headed rails
Steel rails are broadly divided into three categories
- Double headed rails
- Bull headed rails
- Flat footed rails.
Consist of upper table ,web and lower table.Both upper and lower table were identical and it introduced to double the life of rails. When the upper table was worn out , the rails can be reversed in the chair and thus the lower table can be brought in use.But this is a wrong idea which is not practically used now a days.
The rails consist of head, web and foot made of steel. It is extensively used in England and some parts of Europe.
It was invented by Charles Vignoles in 1836 and hence it is called as Vignoles rails. It is so popular that at present 90% of the railway track in the world is laid with this forms of rails.
Functions of Rail
- Transmit the vertical load to sleepers and reduce pressure on ballast and formation level.
- Provides unchanging hard surface for passengers travelling.
- Bears stress developed due to heavy vertical load,lateral and breaking force.
- Rail material should be of good quality to reduce regual replacement.
Introduction
The Rail mode of transportation is the cheapest and fastest mode of transport when it is compared with other mode of transportation.It is also called as mass transportation system.
The Typical Cross Section of Railway Track looks like this
Rail
The Cross Section of Rail is shown below
Types of Gauge
The Rail mode of transportation is the cheapest and fastest mode of transport when it is compared with other mode of transportation.It is also called as mass transportation system.
The Typical Cross Section of Railway Track looks like this
Major Components of Railway Track
- Rail
- Sleepers
- Ballast
- Gauge
Rail
The Cross Section of Rail is shown below
The Distance between inner faces of two Rail is Called Gauge
- Broad gauge (B.G) or Standard Gauge
- Meter Gauge (M.G)
- Narrow gauge (N.G)
- Light Gauge or Feeder Track (L.G)
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